Informatics Publishing Limited

Niraj Singhal , Arun Mukhopadhyay

Abstract

The first population estimation of six main herbivorous species, viz. Gaur, Wild Boar, Barking Deer, Spotted Deer, Hog Deer and Sambar was carried out in Garumara National Park, West Bengal after dividing the P.A. into three major ecological habitat zones - grassland, plantation and natural forest. Direct sighting of animals was recorded and density of the population was determined. An area of 27.7 km² was surveyed out of total area of 79.44 km². The study indicates good density of Gaur and Wild Boar in the P.A. and relatively low density of Sambar and Spotted Deer.

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Vinit Kumar ¹, Niraj Singhal ¹, Ashutosh Dixit ², A. K. Sharma ³

Affiliations
1 Shobhit University, Meerut, IN
2 YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, IN
3 BSAITM, Faridabad, IN

Abstract

The number of active web pages increases exponentially. According to the survey, the web has 14.3 trillion active web pages. The problem faced by present search engines is difficulty in returning relevant information. The current search engines do not perform semantic search and are not capable to return results based on user's perception. In this paper a perception based search engine is proposed that returns results as per the user point of view. To achieve semantic searching, a knowledge base is constructed which stores knowledge in the form of predicates. To extract knowledge from knowledge base, decision theory is used that does not restrict to any specific domain.

Keywords

Decision Theory, Knowledge Base, Mental Vision, Perception, Semantic.

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Aviral Kumar Singhal ¹, Niraj Singhal ²

Affiliations
1 Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut-250005, IN
2 Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology(Deemed-to-be University), Meerut-250110, IN

Abstract

Fog computing (or fogging) is extending cloud computing to the edge of the network. It describes a decentralized computing structure located between the cloud and devices that produce data. Operations like computing, storing and networking between end devices and data centers of cloud computing are facilitated by Fog computing. Decentralization and flexibility are the main difference between Fog computing and Cloud computing. Advantages of Fog computing include, minimize latency, conserve network bandwidth, reduce operating costs, enhance security, improve reliability, deepen insights and boost business agility. Various applications of Fog computing are, smart cities and smart electric grids, smart transportation networks, connected cars, real-time analytics etc. Here, this paper presents a comparative study of Cloud computing and Fog computing.

Keywords

Cloud computing, Fog computing, Decentralization, Internet of Things , Enhanced data security.

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